Nesiritide is a recombinant form of human B-type natriuretic peptide (hBNP), identical in amino acid sequence to the endogenous hormone produced primarily by the ventricular myocardium in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. Its therapeutic mechanism is a direct, multifaceted physiological antagonism of the detrimental neurohormonal activation that characterizes acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Upon binding to the particulate guanylyl cyclase-coupled natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A) on vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, nesiritide potently stimulates the intracellular conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP).
